(1) Gradual Faults
Gradual faults occur due to the progressive degradation of mechanical product parameters over time.
The main characteristic of this type of fault is that the probability of failure is related to the operating time of the machine.
The longer the machine is used, the higher the likelihood of failure.
Most machine faults fall into this category.
This type of fault typically occurs only in the later stages of the equipment's service life.
If such a fault occurs, it indicates that the machine’s lifespan is nearing its end, and major repairs or overhauls may be required.
(2) Sudden Faults
Sudden failures result from the combined effects of various adverse factors, sometimes triggered by external influences on the machinery.
These types of faults are generally characterized by randomness and are unrelated to specific operational conditions, making them unpredictable.
However, they are usually easy to resolve once identified.
(3) Complex Faults
Complex faults exhibit characteristics of both gradual and sudden faults.
The timing of these faults is uncertain and not directly related to the equipment’s condition.
The rate of wear or deterioration at each operational stage is related to the performance and working capacity of the equipment.
For example, stress concentration within components may occur under external impacts.
If the machine continues to operate after experiencing maximum impact, cracks may gradually develop over time.
